How To Use Et Al Harvard Referencing

If the work has four or more authors editors the abbreviation et al should be used after the first author s name.

How to use et al harvard referencing. A harvard reference list must. To indicate that there are three or four more authors other than the first surname that is given e g green et al 2009. And the other that uses and or. It is generally agreed amongst universities that et al. Social acceptance of carbon capture and storage is necessary for the introduction of technologies van alphen et al 2007.

By using et al writers can also avoid having very long citations that list every single author. This list includes information about the sources like the author date of publication title of the source and more. In this example we can go to the reference list to see the other authors. A reference list is a complete list of all the sources used when creating a piece of work. For sources with one two or three authors list all author names in your in text citations whether footnotes or author date.

2 include the surname of the first author followed by et al. Is used when there are 4 or more authors. We advise that you. And last name first initial. Parenthetical citations are always placed inside the closing punctuation for the sentence.

What is et al and what does it mean. So we use et al. Et al is used in harvard style to indicate that a source has four or more authors. Last name first initial. In harvard referencing if you provide exact words from some source you must place that quote in quotation marks and give the page number in your in text citation.

It is also acceptable to use et al after the first author if the work has three authors. It is used in academic citations for sources that have multiple authors. The intention is to make references shorter and easier to absorb. Where a source document has been written by more than two authors some guidelines say more than three authors then you should replace all but the first author surname with et al. Harvard reference list citations for books with two or more authors when creating a citation that has more than one author place the names in the order in which they appear on the source.